Showing posts with label Computer Hardware. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Computer Hardware. Show all posts
Wednesday, September 16, 2015
Windows 8 Installation and Configuration
In this video I detail the complete installation process of Windows 8 on a new drive, including drivers, updates and software.
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Hiren’s BootCD 15.2
As it is bootable, the operating system of the computer need not be available for the tools to be usable. All that is required is that the computer is able to run Microsoft Windows and Linux. Most of the tools are also available when the operating system is already running.New Added Softwares,
Updated Functions:
BattStat 0.99b: Battery Status monitor and power management freeware for Windows 7/Vista/XP/2000 x86/x64.
BrowsingHistoryView 1.05: To view history data of Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari Web browsers in one table.
ClearLock 1.4.0: To lock your desktop with a transparent layer, allowing you to see what is happening on your desktop and at the same time prevent access to the computer without the proper password.
DRevitalize 1.2: Repairs bad sectors (physical defects) on hard drives by generating a special sequence of high and low signals around the physically damaged area.
EncFS 1.7.4: This should be used for secure online file backup services such as Google Drive, Dropbox and Sugarsync as the encryption do not occupy a fixed size containers and backup programs can copy encrypted files and can be accessed from linux, iPhone/iOS and android using BoxCryptor and Cryptonite.
ImDisk 1.6.0: To create/mount virtual hard disk, floppy or CD/DVD drives using image files or system memory.
MBRCheck 1.2.3: Checks the legitimacy of the Master Boot Record (MBR) code of the hard drives.
McAfee Removal Tool 6.0.152.0: McAfee Consumer Product Removal Tool removes all 2005 - 2012 versions of McAfee products.
MiniXP: Added/updated Storage/LAN/WLAN drivers and other minor improvements, iso boot works, path can be changed in HBCD\XP\X using notepad.
Norton Removal Tool 20.0.0.21: SymNRT uninstalls most Norton AntiVirus, Norton Internet Security, Norton 360, and Norton SystemWorks even when the uninstaller fails to remove them.
Remove Non Present Drivers: Automatically remove all non-present/disconnected devices from a Windows and can often be useful to prevent misbehaving/unnecessary drivers from being loaded, cleanup drivers when you replaced motherboard or used backup image of different hardware.
Tor Browser 2.2.39: Surf the internet anonymously through encryption, even https sites can be browsed safely where it is blocked by your local ISP.
WifiInfoView 1.05: Wireless networks information including Network Name (SSID), MAC Address, PHY Type (802.11g or 802.11n), RSSI, Signal Quality, Frequency, Channel Number, Maximum Speed, Company Name, Router Name/Model and more.
Windows Product Key Update Tool 1.7: This tool is from microsoft to change the key of illegal/pirated installed xp to legit xp keys from the sticker on the PC, even if it is oem and not retail/corporate.
Updated Softwares:
3DP Chip 12.09, All Users Temp Cleaner 1.2, AlternateStreamView 1.32, Astra 6.01, Autoruns 11.34, Avira AntiVir Personal (18-10-2012), BellaVista 1.1.0.71, BIOS Master Password Generator (Sony), BlueScreenView 1.46, BootICE 2012.09.20, BulletsPassView 1.25, CCleaner 3.23.1823, ClamWin Free Antivirus 0.97.6, CloneSpy 2.63, ComboFix (18-10-2012), Complete Internet Repair 1.3.1.1315, CPU-Z 1.61, CurrPorts 2.02, Defraggler 2.11.560, Device Doctor 2.1, Don't Sleep 2.82, Drive SnapShot 1.40, DriveImage XML 2.42, FastCopy 2.11, FileTypesMan 1.62, GParted Partition Editor 0.14.0, GPU-Z 0.6.5, grub4dos 2012-10-02, HashMyFiles 1.90, HDAT2 4.9B1, Image For Dos 2.75, Image For Windows 2.75, ImgBurn 2.5.7.0, InfraRecorder 0.53, IrfanView 4.33, IsoBuster 3.0, isolinux 4.05, LicenseCrawler 1.11.239, Mail PassView 1.78, Malwarebytes Anti-Malware 1.65 (18-10-2012), MemDisk 4.05, Notepad++ 6.2, NTFS Access 2.2, NTFSLinksView 1.07, Opera 12.02, Parted Magic 2012-10-10, Partition Saving 4.00, Partition Wizard Home Edition 7.6.1, PC Wizard 2012.2.11, PCI 32 Sniffer 1.4 (18-10-2012), PCI and AGP info Tool (18-10-2012), PhotoFiltre 6.5.3, PhotoRec 6.14b, PLoP Boot Manager 5.0.14, Process Explorer 15.23, Process Monitor 3.03, ProcessActivityView 1.12, ProduKey 1.54, PuTTY 0.62-t012, Recuva 1.43.623, RegFromApp 1.23, RegScanner 1.90, Remove Fake Antivirus 1.88, Revo Uninstaller 1.94, RKill (18-10-2012), RunAsDate 1.11, SearchMyFiles 2.30, ServiWin 1.50, ShellExView 1.76, Silent Runners Revision 64, SIW 2011.10.29, SmartSniff 1.95, SniffPass 1.13, SoftPerfect Network Scanner 5.4.7, Speccy 1.18.379, Spybot - Search & Destroy 1.6.2 (18-10-2012), SuperAntispyware is now downloadable only, System Analyser 5.3x, System Explorer 3.9.7, TDSSKiller 2.8.13, TeamViewer 7.0.14563 + 6.0.10462, TestDisk 6.14b, TightVNC 2.5.2, Total Commander 8.01, TrID File Identifier 2.10, TrueCrypt 7.1a, UnknownDevices 1.4.20 (18-10-2012), Update Checker 1.039, USBDeview 2.16, WebBrowserPassView 1.30, WinNTSetup 2.3.1.0, WinSCP 4.3.9, WirelessKeyView 1.56, WirelessNetView 1.41, XP-AntiSpy 3.98
BattStat 0.99b: Battery Status monitor and power management freeware for Windows 7/Vista/XP/2000 x86/x64.
BrowsingHistoryView 1.05: To view history data of Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari Web browsers in one table.
ClearLock 1.4.0: To lock your desktop with a transparent layer, allowing you to see what is happening on your desktop and at the same time prevent access to the computer without the proper password.
DRevitalize 1.2: Repairs bad sectors (physical defects) on hard drives by generating a special sequence of high and low signals around the physically damaged area.
EncFS 1.7.4: This should be used for secure online file backup services such as Google Drive, Dropbox and Sugarsync as the encryption do not occupy a fixed size containers and backup programs can copy encrypted files and can be accessed from linux, iPhone/iOS and android using BoxCryptor and Cryptonite.
ImDisk 1.6.0: To create/mount virtual hard disk, floppy or CD/DVD drives using image files or system memory.
MBRCheck 1.2.3: Checks the legitimacy of the Master Boot Record (MBR) code of the hard drives.
McAfee Removal Tool 6.0.152.0: McAfee Consumer Product Removal Tool removes all 2005 - 2012 versions of McAfee products.
MiniXP: Added/updated Storage/LAN/WLAN drivers and other minor improvements, iso boot works, path can be changed in HBCD\XP\X using notepad.
Norton Removal Tool 20.0.0.21: SymNRT uninstalls most Norton AntiVirus, Norton Internet Security, Norton 360, and Norton SystemWorks even when the uninstaller fails to remove them.
Remove Non Present Drivers: Automatically remove all non-present/disconnected devices from a Windows and can often be useful to prevent misbehaving/unnecessary drivers from being loaded, cleanup drivers when you replaced motherboard or used backup image of different hardware.
Tor Browser 2.2.39: Surf the internet anonymously through encryption, even https sites can be browsed safely where it is blocked by your local ISP.
WifiInfoView 1.05: Wireless networks information including Network Name (SSID), MAC Address, PHY Type (802.11g or 802.11n), RSSI, Signal Quality, Frequency, Channel Number, Maximum Speed, Company Name, Router Name/Model and more.
Windows Product Key Update Tool 1.7: This tool is from microsoft to change the key of illegal/pirated installed xp to legit xp keys from the sticker on the PC, even if it is oem and not retail/corporate.
Updated Softwares:
3DP Chip 12.09, All Users Temp Cleaner 1.2, AlternateStreamView 1.32, Astra 6.01, Autoruns 11.34, Avira AntiVir Personal (18-10-2012), BellaVista 1.1.0.71, BIOS Master Password Generator (Sony), BlueScreenView 1.46, BootICE 2012.09.20, BulletsPassView 1.25, CCleaner 3.23.1823, ClamWin Free Antivirus 0.97.6, CloneSpy 2.63, ComboFix (18-10-2012), Complete Internet Repair 1.3.1.1315, CPU-Z 1.61, CurrPorts 2.02, Defraggler 2.11.560, Device Doctor 2.1, Don't Sleep 2.82, Drive SnapShot 1.40, DriveImage XML 2.42, FastCopy 2.11, FileTypesMan 1.62, GParted Partition Editor 0.14.0, GPU-Z 0.6.5, grub4dos 2012-10-02, HashMyFiles 1.90, HDAT2 4.9B1, Image For Dos 2.75, Image For Windows 2.75, ImgBurn 2.5.7.0, InfraRecorder 0.53, IrfanView 4.33, IsoBuster 3.0, isolinux 4.05, LicenseCrawler 1.11.239, Mail PassView 1.78, Malwarebytes Anti-Malware 1.65 (18-10-2012), MemDisk 4.05, Notepad++ 6.2, NTFS Access 2.2, NTFSLinksView 1.07, Opera 12.02, Parted Magic 2012-10-10, Partition Saving 4.00, Partition Wizard Home Edition 7.6.1, PC Wizard 2012.2.11, PCI 32 Sniffer 1.4 (18-10-2012), PCI and AGP info Tool (18-10-2012), PhotoFiltre 6.5.3, PhotoRec 6.14b, PLoP Boot Manager 5.0.14, Process Explorer 15.23, Process Monitor 3.03, ProcessActivityView 1.12, ProduKey 1.54, PuTTY 0.62-t012, Recuva 1.43.623, RegFromApp 1.23, RegScanner 1.90, Remove Fake Antivirus 1.88, Revo Uninstaller 1.94, RKill (18-10-2012), RunAsDate 1.11, SearchMyFiles 2.30, ServiWin 1.50, ShellExView 1.76, Silent Runners Revision 64, SIW 2011.10.29, SmartSniff 1.95, SniffPass 1.13, SoftPerfect Network Scanner 5.4.7, Speccy 1.18.379, Spybot - Search & Destroy 1.6.2 (18-10-2012), SuperAntispyware is now downloadable only, System Analyser 5.3x, System Explorer 3.9.7, TDSSKiller 2.8.13, TeamViewer 7.0.14563 + 6.0.10462, TestDisk 6.14b, TightVNC 2.5.2, Total Commander 8.01, TrID File Identifier 2.10, TrueCrypt 7.1a, UnknownDevices 1.4.20 (18-10-2012), Update Checker 1.039, USBDeview 2.16, WebBrowserPassView 1.30, WinNTSetup 2.3.1.0, WinSCP 4.3.9, WirelessKeyView 1.56, WirelessNetView 1.41, XP-AntiSpy 3.98
How To Install The Liquid Cooling Kit On The AMD FX-9590, AMD FX-9370 and AMD FX-8150 CPUs stock.
Installing The Liquid Cooling Kit On The AMD FX-9590, AMD FX-9370 or AMD FX-8150 CPUs Stock manufactured for AMD.
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Computer Knowledge
Hiren’s BootCD 10.1
CD Contents 1. Antivirus Tools
ComboFix (1811): Designed to cleanup malware infections and restore settings modified by malware.
CWShredder 2.19: Popular CoolWebSearch Trojan Remover tool.
Kaspersky Virus Removal Tool 7.0.0.290 (1811): Free on-demand virus scanner from Kaspersky Lab to remove viruses.
Malwarebytes' Anti-Malware 1.41 (1811): Anti-malware application that can thoroughly remove even the most advanced malware.
RootkitRevealer 1.7.1: Rootkit Revealer is an advanced patent-pending root kit detection utility.
SmitFraudFix 2.424: This removes Some of the popular Desktop Hijack malware.
Spybot - Search & Destroy 1.6.2 (1811): Application to scan for spyware, adware, hijackers and other malicious software.
SpywareBlaster 4.2 (1811): Prevent the installation of spyware and other potentially unwanted software.
SuperAntispyware 4.30 (1811): Remove Malware, Rootkits, Spyware, Adware, Worms, Parasites (a must have tool).
2. Backup Tools
Acronis True Image 8.1.945: Create an exact disk image for complete system backup and disk cloning.
COPYR.DMA Build013: A Tool for making copies of hard disks with bad sectors.
Double Driver 2.1: Driver Backup and Restore tool.
Drive SnapShot 1.39: Creates an exact Disk Image of your system into a file while windows is running.
DriveImage Explorer 5.0: To add/remove/extract files from Drive image file.
DriveImageXML 2.13: Backup any drive/partition to an image file, even if the drive is currently in use.
DriverBackup! 1.0.3: Another handy tool to backup drivers.
FastCopy 1.99r4: The Fastest Copy/Delete Software on Windows.
Ghost Image Explorer 11.5: To add/remove/extract files from Ghost image file.
ImageCenter 5.6 (Drive Image 2002): Best software to clone hard drive.
InfraRecorder 0.50: An Open source CD/DVD burning software, also create/burn .iso images.
Norton Ghost 11.5: Similar to Drive Image (with usb/scsi support).
Partition Saving 3.71: A tool to backup/restore partitions. (SavePart.exe).
RegBak 1.0: A light-weight and simple utility to create backups of Windows registry files.
Smart Driver Backup 2.12: Easy backup of your Windows device drivers (also works from PE).
WhitSoft File Splitter 4.5a: A Small File Split-Join Tool.
3. BIOS / CMOS Tools
!BIOS 3.20: A powerfull utility for bios and cmos.
Award DMI Configuration Utility 2.43: DMI Configuration utility for modifying/viewing the MIDF contents.
BIOS Cracker 5.0: BIOS password remover (cmospwd).
BIOS Utility 1.35.0: BIOS Informations, password, beep codes and more.
CMOS 0.93: CMOS Save / Restore Tool.
DISKMAN4: A powerful all in one utility.
Kill CMOS: A tiny utility to wipe cmos.
UniFlash 1.40: Bios flash utility.
4. Browsers / File Managers
7-Zip 9.07 beta: File Manager/Archiver Supports 7z, ZIP, GZIP, BZIP2, TAR, RAR, CAB, ISO, ARJ, LZH, CHM, MSI, WIM, Z, CPIO, RPM, DEB and NSIS formats.
Dos Command Center 5.1: Classic dos-based file manager.
Dos Navigator 6.4.0: Dos File Manager, Norton Commander clone but has much more features.
FastLynx 2.0: Dos file manager with Pc to Pc file transfer capability.
File Maven 3.5: An advanced Dos file manager with high speed PC-to-PC file transfers via serial or parallel cable.
File Wizard 1.35: A file manager - colored files, drag and drop copy, move, delete etc.
Mini Windows 98: Can run from Ram Drive, with ntfs support, Added 7-Zip, Disk Defragmenter, Notepad / RichText Editor, Image Viewer, .avi .mpg .divx .xvid Movie Player, etc...
Mini Windows Xp: Portable Windows Xp that runs from CD/USB/Ram Drive, with Network and SATA support.
Opera Web Browser 8.53: One of the fastest, smallest and smartest full-featured web browser.
Volkov Commander 4.99: Dos File Manager with LongFileName/ntfs support (Similar to Norton Commander).
5. Cleaners
CCleaner 2.25: Crap Cleaner is a freeware system optimization and privacy tool.
SpaceMonger 1.4: Keeping track of the free space on your computer.
WinDirStat 1.1.2.80: A disk usage statistics viewer and cleanup tool for Windows.
Collection of Dos Utilities
extract.exe, pkzip.exe, pkunzip.exe, lha.exe, gzip.exe, uharcd.exe, imgExtrc.exe, xcopy.exe, diskcopy.com, mouse.com, undelete.com, edit.com, fdisk.exe, fdisk2.exe, fdisk3.exe, lf.exe, delpart.exe, wipe.com, zap.com, format.com, deltree.exe, more.com, find.exe, hex.exe, debug.exe, split.exe, mem.exe, attrib.com, sys.com, smartdrv.exe, xmsdsk.exe, killer.exe, share.exe, scandisk.exe, scanreg.exe, guest.exe, doskey.exe, duse.exe, move.exe, setver.exe, intersvr.exe, interlnk.exe, loadlin.exe, lfndos.exe, doslfn.com
6. Dos Tools
1394 Firewire Support: 1394 Firewire Drivers for Dos.
ASUSTeK USB Driver 3: ASUS USB CD-ROM Device Driver Version 1.00.
Interlnk support at COM1: To access another computer from COM port.
Interlnk support at LPT1: To access another computer from LPT port.
SATA Support: SATA Driver (gcdrom.sys) and JMicron JMB361 (xcdrom.sys) for Dos.
SCSI Support: SCSI Drivers for Dos.
Universal USB Driver 2: Panasonic v2.20 ASPI Manager for USB mass storage.
USB CD-Rom Driver 1: Standard usb_cd.sys driver for cd drive.
7. Hard Disk Tools
Active Kill Disk 4.1: Securely overwrites and destroys all data on physical drive.
Data Shredder 1.0: A tool to Erase disk and files (also wipe free space) securely.
ExcelStor's ESTest 4.50.
Fujitsu HDD Diagnostic Tool 7.00.
Fujitsu IDE Low Level Format 1.0.
Gateway GwScan 5.12.
Hard Disk Sentinel 0.04: Hard Disk health, performance and temperature monitoring tool.
HDAT2 4.53: Main function is testing and repair (regenerates) bad sectors for detected devices.
HDD Erase 4.0: Secure erase using a special feature built into most newer hard drives.
HDD Regenerator 1.71: To recover a bad hard drive.
HDD Scan 3.2: HDDScan is a Low-level HDD diagnostic tool, it scans surface find bad sectors etc.
HDTune 2.55: Hard disk benchmarking and information tool.
IBM/Hitachi Drive Fitness Test 4.16.
IBM/Hitachi Feature Tool 2.15.
Maxtor (or any Hdd) Low Level Formatter 1.1.
Maxtor amset utility 4.0.
Maxtor PowerMax 4.23.
MHDD 4.6.
Norton Disk Doctor 2002: A tool to repair a damaged disk, or to diagnose your hard drive.
Norton Disk Editor 2002: A powerful disk editing, manual data recovery tool.
Ontrack Disk Manager 9.57: Disk Test/Format/Maintenance tool.
Samsung Disk Diagnose (SHDIAG) 1.28.
Samsung HDD Utility (HUTIL) 2.10.
Samsung The Drive Diagnostic Utility (ESTOOL) 3.00g.
Seagate Seatools Desktop Edition 3.02.
SeaTools for Dos 1.10.
SmartUDM 2.00: Hard Disk Drive S.M.A.R.T. Viewer.
Toshiba Hard Disk Diagnostic 2.00b.
Victoria 3.33e and 3.52rus: A freeware program for low-level HDD diagnostics.
WDClear 1.30.
Western Digital Data Lifeguard Tools 11.2.
Western Digital Diagnostics (DLGDIAG) 5.04f.
8. MBR (Master Boot Record) Tools
Boot Partition 2.60: Add Partition in the Windows NT/2000/XP Multi-boot loader.
BootFix Utility: Run this utility if you get 'Invalid system disk'.
DiskMan 4.2: All in one tool for cmos, bios, bootrecord and more.
Grub4Dos installer 1.1: An universal boot loader GRUB for DOS installer.
MBR SAVE / RESTORE 2.1: BootSave and BootRest tools to save / restore MBR.
MbrFix 1.3: To backup, restore, fix the boot code in the MBR.
MBRTool 2.3.200: Backup, verify, restore, edit, refresh, remove, display, re-write...
MBRWizard 2.0b: Directly update and modify the MBR (Master Boot Record).
MBRWork 1.07b: A utility to perform some common and uncommon MBR functions.
Smart Boot Manager 3.7.1: A multi boot manager.
9. MultiMedia Tools
MpxPlay 1.56: A small Music Player for dos.
Picture Viewer 1.94: Picture viewer for dos, supports more then 40 filetypes.
QuickView Pro 2.58: Movie viewer for dos, supports many format including divx.
10. Network Tools
Angry IP Scanner 2.21: Scan IP addresses in any range as well as any their ports.
CurrPorts 1.80: Displays the list of all currently opened TCP and UDP ports on your computer.
TCPView 2.54: Lists TCP and UDP endpoints, including the Local/Remote addresses of TCP connections.
Winsock 2 Fix for 9x: To fix corrupted Winsock2 information by poorly written Internet programs.
XP TCP/IP Repair 1.0: Repair your Windows XP Winsock and TCP/IP registry errors.
11. NTFS (FileSystems) Tools
EditBINI 1.01: To Edit boot.ini on NTFS Partition.
NTFS 4 Dos 1.9: To access ntfs partitions from Dos.
NTFS Dos 3.02: To access ntfs partitions from Dos.
NTFS Dos Pro 5.0: To access ntfs partitions from Dos.
Paragon Mount Everything 3.0: To access NTFS, Ext2FS, Ext3FS partitions from dos.
12. Optimizers
DefragNT 1.9: This tool presents the user with many options for disk defragmenting.
JkDefrag 3.36: Free disk defragment and optimize utility for Windows 2000/2003/XP/Vista/Windows 7.
NT Registry Optimizer 1.1j: Registry Optimization for Windows NT/2000/2003/XP/Vista.
PageDfrg 2.32: System file Defragmenter For NT/2k/XP.
13. Other Tools
DosCDroast beta 2: Dos CD Burning Tools.
FileDisk Mount Tool 25: To mount ISO/BIN/NRG/MDF/IMA images on windows.
Ghost Walker 11.5: Utility that changes the security ID (SID) for Windows NT, 2000 and XP.
HxD 1.7.7.0: Hex Editor provides tools to inspect and edit files, main memory, disks/disk images.
NewSID 4.10: Utility that changes the security ID (SID) for Windows NT, 2000 and XP.
Streams 1.56: Reveal/Delete NTFS alternate data streams.
Universal TCP/IP Network 6.4: MSDOS Network Client to connect via TCP/IP to a Microsoft based network. The network can either be a peer-to-peer or a server based network, it contains 91 different network card drivers.
Virtual Floppy Drive 2.1: Enables you to create and mount a virtual floppy drive on your NT/2000/XP/Vista.
14. Partition Tools
Acronis Disk Director 10.0.2160: Popular disk management functions in a single suite.
EASEUS Partition Master 4.1.1: Partition Resize/Move/Copy/Create/Delete/Format/Convert, Explore, etc.
eXtended Fdisk 0.9.3: XFDISK allows easy partition creation and edition.
GDisk 1.1.1: Complete replacement for the DOS FDISK utility and more.
Paragon Partition Manager 7.0.1274: Universal tool for partitions.
Partition Commander 9.01: The safe way to partition your hard drive,with undo feature.
Partition Magic Pro 8.05: Best software to partition hard drive.
Partition Table Editor 8.0: Partition Table and Boot Record Editor.
Ranish Partition Manager 2.44: A boot manager and hard disk partitioner.
Smart Fdisk 2.05: A simple harddisk partition manager.
SPecial Fdisk 2000.03v: SPFDISK a partition tool.
Super Fdisk 1.0: Create, delete, format partitions drives without destroying data.
The Partition Resizer 1.3.4: Move and resize your partitions in one step and more.
USB Format Tool: Format/make bootable any USB flash drive to FAT, FAT32, or NTFS partition.
15. Password Tools
Active Password Changer 3.0.420: To Reset User Password on windows NT/2000/XP/2003/Vista (FAT/NTFS).
Asterisk Logger 1.04: Reveal passwords hidden behind asterisk characters.
ATAPWD 1.2: Hard Disk Password Utility.
Content Advisor Password Remover 1.01: It Removes Content Advisor Password from Internet Explorer.
Mail PassView 1.52: Recovers mail passwords of Outlook Express, MS Outlook, IncrediMail, Eudora, etc.
MessenPass 1.27: A password recovery tool that reveals the passwords of several instant messangers.
NTPWD: Utility to reset windows nt/2000/xp administrator/user password.
Offline NT/2K/XP Password Changer: Utility to reset windows nt/2000/xp administrator/user password.
Password Renew 1.1: Utility to (re)set windows passwords.
ProduKey 1.38: Recovers lost the product key of your Windows/Office.
Registry Reanimator 1.02: Check and Restore structure of the Damaged Registry files of NT/2K/XP.
Registry Viewer 4.2: Registry Viewer/Editor for Win9x/Me/NT/2K/XP.
TrueCrypt 6.3: On-the-fly disk encryption tool, can create a virtual encrypted disk within a file and mount it as a real disk, can also encrypt an entire HDD/Partition/USB Drive.
WindowsGate 1.1: Enables/Disables Windows logon password validation.
WinKeyFinder 1.73: Allows you to View and Change Windows XP/2003 Product Keys, backup and restore activation related files, backup Microsoft Office 97, 2000 SP2, XP/2003 keys etc.
WirelessKeyView 1.30: Recovers all wireless network keys (WEP/WPA) stored in your computer by WZC.
XP Key Reader 2.7: Can decode the XP-key on Local or Remote systems.
16. Process Tools
Dependency Walker 2.2: Checks for missing/invalid DLL/modules/functions for any exe/dll/ocx/sys.
IB Process Manager 1.04: A little process manager for 9x/2k, shows dll info etc.
OpenedFilesView 1.46: View opened/locked files in your system, sharing violation issues.
Pocket KillBox 2.0.0.978: Can be used to get rid of files that stubbornly refuse to allow you to delete them.
Process Explorer 11.33: Shows you information about which handles and DLLs processes have opened or loaded.
ProcessActivityView 1.10: Detailed process access information read/write/opened files etc.
Unlocker 1.8.8: This tool can delete file/folder when you get this message - Cannot delete file: Access is denied, The file is in use by another program etc.
RAM (Memory) Testing Tools
GoldMemory 5.07: RAM Test utility.
MemTest 1.0: a Memory Testing Tool.
Memtest86+ 4.00: PC Memory Test.
Video Memory Stress Test 1.7.116: A tool to thoroughly test your video RAM for errors and faults.
Recovery Tools
Active Partition Recovery 3.0: To Recover a Deleted partition.
Active Undelete 5.5: A tool to recover deleted files.
Active Uneraser 3.0: To recover deleted files and folders on FAT and NTFS systems.
DiyDataRecovery Diskpatch 2.1.100: An excellent data recovery software.
GetDataBack for FAT 4.0: Data recovery software for FAT file systems.
GetDataBack for NTFS 4.0: Data recovery software for NTFS file systems.
Ontrack Easy Recovery Pro 6.10: To Recover data that has been deleted/virus attack.
Partition Find and Mount 2.3.1: Partition Find and Mount software is designed to find lost or deleted partitions.
PhotoRec 6.11.3: Tool to Recover File and pictures from Dos/Windows.
Prosoft Media Tools 5.0 v1.1.2.64: Another excellent data recovery software with many other options.
Recuva 1.32: Restore deleted files from Hard Drive, Digital Camera Memory Card, usb mp3 player...
Restoration 3.2.13: A tool to recover deleted files.
TestDisk 6.11.3: Tool to check and undelete partition from Dos/Windows.
Unstoppable Copier 4.2: Allows you to copy files from disks with problems such as bad sectors, scratches or that just give errors when reading data.
Winternals Disk Commander 1.1: More than just a standard deleted-file recovery utility.
Registry Tools
Registry Editor PE 0.9c: Easy editing of remote registry hives and user profiles.
Registry Restore Wizard 1.0.4: Restores a corrupted system registry from Xp System Restore.
RegScanner 1.80: Tool to find/search in the Registry of Windows.
18. Startup Tools
Autoruns 9.56: Displays All the entries from startup folder, Run, RunOnce, and other Registry keys, Explorer shell extensions,toolbars, browser helper objects, Winlogon notifications, auto-start services, Scheduled Tasks, Winsock, LSA Providers, Remove Drivers and much more which helps to remove nasty spyware/adware and viruses.
HijackThis 2.0.2: A general homepage hijackers detector and remover and more.
Silent Runners Revision 60: A free script that helps detect spyware, malware and adware in the startup process.
Startup Control Panel 2.8: A tool to edit startup programs.
Startup Monitor 1.02: It notifies you when any program registers itself to run at system startup.
System Information Tools
Astra 5.44: Advanced System info Tool and Reporting Assistant.
CPU Identification utility 1.18: Detailed information on CPU (CHKCPU.EXE).
CPU-Z 1.52: It gathers information on some of the main devices of your system.
CTIA CPU Information 2.7: Another CPU information tool.
Drive Temperature 1.0: Hard Disk Drive temperature meter.
GPU-Z 0.3.6: A lightweight utility designed to give you all information about your video card and GPU.
HWiNFO 5.3.0: A powerful system information utility.
Navratil Software System Information 0.60.38: High-end professional system information tool.
PC Wizard 2009.1.911: Powerful system information/benchmark utility designed especially for detection of hardware.
PCI 32 Sniffer 1.4 (1811): Device information tool (similar to unknown devices).
PCI and AGP info Tool (1811): The PCI System information & Exploration tool.
SIW 2009-10-22: Gathers detailed information about your system properties and settings.
SysChk 2.46: Find out exactly what is under the hood of your PC.
System Analyser 5.3w: View extensive information about your hardware.
UnknownDevices 1.4.20 (1811): Helps you find what those unknown devices in Device Manager really are.
USBDeview 1.47: View/Uninstall all installed/connected USB devices on your system.
19. Testing Tools
CPU/Video/Disk Performance Test 5.7: A tool to test cpu, video, and disk.
Disk Speed1.0: Hard Disk Drive Speed Testing Tool.
IsMyLcdOK (Monitor Test) 1.02: Allows you to test CRT/LCD/TFT screens for dead pixels and diffective screens.
Ontrack Data Advisor 5.0: Powerful diagnostic tool for assessing the condition of your computer.
PC-Check 6.05: Easy to use hardware tests.
S&M Stress Test 1.9.1: CPU/HDD/Memory benchmarking and information tool, including temperatures/fan speeds/voltages.
System Speed Test 4.78: It tests CPU, harddrive, etc.
Test Hard Disk Drive 1.0: A tool to test Hard Disk Drive.
The Troubleshooter 7.02: All kind of hardware testing tool.
Hiren’s BootCD 10.1.iso
Best Graphic Cards-2015 For All Budget Types | As Quick as Possible
Best Graphic Cards-2015 For All Budget Types ATI and Nvidia
In this video I post comparison between Graphics Cards specifications,features and which one is better to buy in respective price budgets and my initial thoughts what I think about them and some of the concerns about them.
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Computer Fundamentals and Troubleshooting
Computer Fundamentals and Troubleshooting
Table of Contents
1. General dos and Don’ts about the Computer
2. Important internal devices of CPU
3. Flash Memory & Cache Memory
4. Trouble shooting of Sound and Video Card
5. Troubleshooting Device Manager Issues in Win XP
6. Printers
7. UPS
8. Virus and its threats
9. How to secure Web browsers?
a. Internet Explorer
b. Firefox
Computer Fundamentals and Troubleshooting.pdf
BY GK
computer knowledge
Table of Contents
1. General dos and Don’ts about the Computer
2. Important internal devices of CPU
3. Flash Memory & Cache Memory
4. Trouble shooting of Sound and Video Card
5. Troubleshooting Device Manager Issues in Win XP
6. Printers
7. UPS
8. Virus and its threats
9. How to secure Web browsers?
a. Internet Explorer
b. Firefox
Computer Fundamentals and Troubleshooting.pdf
BY GK
computer knowledge
Windows 7 Printer Sharing
Printer Sharing in Windows 7 in hindi by Jagvinder Thind Shows How to add a network printer using Windows 7 or How To Connect Your Printer To Your Network.
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Computer Knowledge
Computer Assembly—Step by Step
Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to answer the following questions:
Upon completion of this chapter, you should be able to answer the following questions:
- How do I open the case?
- What is the process to install the power supply?
- How do I attach the components to the
- motherboard and install the motherboard?
- How do I install internal drives?
- How do I install drives in external bays?
- How do I install adapter cards?
- What is the process to connect all internal cables?
- How do I reattach the side panels and connect external cables to the computer?
- What happens when I boot the computer for thefirst time?
TCP and UDP port numbers
In computer networking, a port serves as an end point in an operating system for many types of communication. It is not a hardware device, but a logical construct that identifies a service or process.
A port is always associated with an IP address of a host and the protocol type of the communication, and thus completes the destination or origination address of a communications session. A port is identified for each address and protocol by a 16-bit number, commonly known as the port number.
Specific port numbers are often used to identify specific services. Of the thousands of enumerated ports, 1024 well-known port numbers are reserved by convention to identify specific service types on a host. The protocols that primarily use ports are the Transport Layer protocols, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) of the Internet Protocol Suite.
In the client-server model of application architecture, ports are used to provide a multiplexing service on each port number that network clients connect to for service initiation, after which communication is reestablished on another connection-specific port number.
This list of well-known port numbers .
1 TCP Port Service Multiplexer (TCPMUX)
5 Remote Job Entry (RJE)
7 ECHO
18 Message Send Protocol (MSP)
20 FTP -- Data
21 FTP -- Control
22 SSH Remote Login Protocol
23 Telnet
25 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
29 MSG ICP
37 Time
42 Host Name Server (Nameserv)
43 WhoIs
49 Login Host Protocol (Login)
53 Domain Name System (DNS)
69 Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
70 Gopher Services
79 Finger
80 HTTP
103 X.400 Standard
108 SNA Gateway Access Server
109 POP2
110 POP3
115 Simple File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
118 SQL Services
119 Newsgroup (NNTP)
137 NetBIOS Name Service
139 NetBIOS Datagram Service
143 Interim Mail Access Protocol (IMAP)
150 NetBIOS Session Service
156 SQL Server
161 SNMP
179 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
190 Gateway Access Control Protocol (GACP)
194 Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
197 Directory Location Service (DLS)
389 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
396 Novell Netware over IP
443 HTTPS
444 Simple Network Paging Protocol (SNPP)
445 Microsoft-DS
458 Apple QuickTime
546 DHCP Client
547 DHCP Server
563 SNEWS
569 MSN
1080 Socks
How To Install Graphic Card Or Video Card In Your Computer ?
If you are wondering to upgrade your graphic card or if you haveing one which you wanna to get installed in your computer then you are at the correct webpage this time because in this tutorial I will show you how to do it in a correct way by taking our step by step tutorial. Installing a graphic card is such an easy task to do you’ll just replace the new one at the place of old one.
If you don’t have a graphic card yet then we will help you to find out which one to buy by the tutorial link given below.
Here’s a two important note for you before installation.
Shut down your computer if you are using it and unplug the power cable which is connected to your computer back.
Step 2 – Open your computer case
Open your computer case by removing the screws. After that it’s better to use an air blower to clean up all the dust off to your computer.
Step 3 – Finding the slot
Your motherboard should have a “PCI x16” slot to plug in a new graphic card. If you have a computer which already has a graphic card installed, it must be plugged in at “pcix16” or “AGP” slot on your motherboard.
Step 4 – Creating space for your new graphic card
A. Remove the metal cover – Remove the metal cover by unscrewing the screw which holding the cabinet’s card cover.
B. Removing old card – Remove the old card if you have installed in your computer by unscrewing the screw which holding your graphic card to the cabinet. After that push down the card holder to release your card.
Step 5 – Installing new card
Hold the card by its edges and position it over the correct slot and push down the card slowly into the slot. Don’t force it, do it gently. When the card fits into the slot, install a screw to letting it hold the card in that place.
Step 6 – Connect the external power (if needed)
If you have a higher end graphic card it must requires the external source of power to run nicely. So, connect the connector to your graphic card from SMPS to give power supply to your card.
Step 7 – Connect the video cable
Connect your video cable to your graphic card and start up your computer to test your new card. Normally your motherboard will usually recognize newly card and shows you the startup display.
Step 9 – Install drivers
Install the drivers by CD which is already comes with your graphic card’s in its box. Or you can Visit the manufacturer’s Website to download and install the latest drivers.
If you don’t have a graphic card yet then we will help you to find out which one to buy by the tutorial link given below.
- Graphic card are very delicate so, don’t break and drop them.
- There are sharp silver dots at the behind of every graphic card, be careful.
Shut down your computer if you are using it and unplug the power cable which is connected to your computer back.
Step 2 – Open your computer case
Open your computer case by removing the screws. After that it’s better to use an air blower to clean up all the dust off to your computer.
Your motherboard should have a “PCI x16” slot to plug in a new graphic card. If you have a computer which already has a graphic card installed, it must be plugged in at “pcix16” or “AGP” slot on your motherboard.
Step 4 – Creating space for your new graphic card
A. Remove the metal cover – Remove the metal cover by unscrewing the screw which holding the cabinet’s card cover.
Hold the card by its edges and position it over the correct slot and push down the card slowly into the slot. Don’t force it, do it gently. When the card fits into the slot, install a screw to letting it hold the card in that place.
If you have a higher end graphic card it must requires the external source of power to run nicely. So, connect the connector to your graphic card from SMPS to give power supply to your card.
Connect your video cable to your graphic card and start up your computer to test your new card. Normally your motherboard will usually recognize newly card and shows you the startup display.
Sometimes or video cable doesn’t supports the other slot which your card is contained in that case you can use connector to use your cable perfectly.
Step 8 – Assemble back
If everything works fine then put your PC’s cover back and start up your computer .If something goes wrong, turn off your computer and make sure you’ve sit down the card correctly.Step 9 – Install drivers
Install the drivers by CD which is already comes with your graphic card’s in its box. Or you can Visit the manufacturer’s Website to download and install the latest drivers.
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Types of Hard Disk Drives
Disk drive technologies have advanced quickly over recent years, making terabytes of storage available at reasonable cost. When researching the type of hard disk storage system appropriate for your needs, keep in mind the format and data rate of the video you’re capturing. Depending on whether you work as an independent video editor or collaborate with others, the amount of storage you require and the bit rate of data transfer will be important factors to match up with your storage needs. Outlining all of the hard disk storage technologies is beyond the scope of this documentation, but four common choices include:
ATA
FireWire
SCSI
RAID and Fibre Channel
ATA Disk Drives
SCSI
RAID and Fibre Channel
ATA Disk Drives
There are two kinds of ATA disks:
Parallel (Ultra) ATA disks: These are found in Power Mac G4 computers.
Serial ATA disks: These come with Power Mac G5 computers.ATA disks do not offer as high a level of performance as LVD or Ultra160 SCSI disks. If you plan to use Ultra ATA disks, make sure that:
Parallel (Ultra) ATA disks: These are found in Power Mac G4 computers.
Serial ATA disks: These come with Power Mac G5 computers.ATA disks do not offer as high a level of performance as LVD or Ultra160 SCSI disks. If you plan to use Ultra ATA disks, make sure that:
The sustained transfer speed is 8 MB/sec. or faster
The average seek time is below 9 ms
The spindle speed is at least 5400 rpm, although 7200 rpm is better
The spindle speed is at least 5400 rpm, although 7200 rpm is better
Parallel (Ultra) ATA Disks
Many editors use parallel ATA (PATA) disks (also called Ultra DMA, Ultra EIDE, and ATA-33/66/100/133) with DV equipment. Parallel ATA disks are disks that you install internally. Because imported DV material has a fixed data rate of approximately 3.6 MB/sec., high-performance parallel ATA disks typically can capture and output these streams without difficulty. The numbers following the ATA designation indicate the maximum data transfer rate possible for the ATA interface, not the disk drive itself. For example, an ATA-100 interface can theoretically handle 100 MB/sec., but most disk drives do not spin fast enough to reach this limit.
Parallel ATA disks use 40- or 80-pin-wide ribbon cables to transfer multiple bits of data simultaneously (in parallel), they have a cable length limit of 18 inches, and they require five volts of power. Depending on your computer, there may be one or more parallel ATA (or IDE) controller chips on the motherboard. Each parallel ATA channel on a computer motherboard supports two channels, so you can connect two disk drives. However, when both disk drives are connected, they must share the data bandwidth of the connection, so the data rate can potentially be reduced.
Serial ATA Disks
Parallel ATA disks use 40- or 80-pin-wide ribbon cables to transfer multiple bits of data simultaneously (in parallel), they have a cable length limit of 18 inches, and they require five volts of power. Depending on your computer, there may be one or more parallel ATA (or IDE) controller chips on the motherboard. Each parallel ATA channel on a computer motherboard supports two channels, so you can connect two disk drives. However, when both disk drives are connected, they must share the data bandwidth of the connection, so the data rate can potentially be reduced.
Serial ATA Disks
Serial ATA (SATA) disks are newer than parallel ATA disk drives. The disk drive mechanisms may be similar, but the interface is significantly different. The serial ATA interface has the following characteristics:
Serial data transfer (one bit at a time)
150 MB/sec. theoretical data throughput limit
7-pin data connection, with cable limit of 1 meter
Operates with 250 mV
Only one disk drive allowed per serial ATA controller chip on a computer motherboard, so disk drives do not have to share data bandwidth
FireWire Disk Drives
Serial data transfer (one bit at a time)
150 MB/sec. theoretical data throughput limit
7-pin data connection, with cable limit of 1 meter
Operates with 250 mV
Only one disk drive allowed per serial ATA controller chip on a computer motherboard, so disk drives do not have to share data bandwidth
FireWire Disk Drives
Although not recommended for all systems, FireWire disk drives can be effectively used to capture and edit projects using low data rate video clips, such as those captured using the DV codec. However, most FireWire disk drives lack the performance of internal Ultra ATA disk drives or of internal or external SCSI disk drives. For example, a FireWire disk drive may not be able to support real-time playback with as many simultaneous audio and video tracks as an internal Ultra ATA disk drive can. This can also affect the number of simultaneous real-time effects that can be played back.
Keep the following points about FireWire drives in mind:
FireWire disk drives are not recommended for capturing high data rate material such as uncompressed SD or HD video.
Certain DV camcorders cannot be connected to a computer while a FireWire disk drive is connected simultaneously. In many cases, you can improve performance by installing a separate FireWire PCI Express card to connect your FireWire drive.
You may be able to improve performance by reducing the real-time video playback data rate and the number of real-time audio tracks in the General tab of the User Preferences window.
You should never disconnect a FireWire disk drive prior to unmounting it from the desktop.
SCSI Disk Drives
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) disk drives used to be among the fastest drives available, although newer computers may no longer provide SCSI ports. Although no longer highly popular, SCSI technology has been implemented in various ways over the years, with each successive generation achieving better performance. Two fast SCSI standards for video capture and playback are:
Ultra2 LVD (Low Voltage Differential) SCSI: Ultra2 LVD SCSI disk drives offer fast enough performance to capture and output video at high data rates when a single disk is formatted as a single volume (as opposed to formatting several disks together as a disk array).
Ultra320 and Ultra160 SCSI: These are faster than Ultra2 LVD SCSI disks.
SCSI disks can be installed internally or connected externally. Many users prefer external SCSI disk drives because they’re easier to move and they stay cooler. If your computer didn’t come with a preinstalled Ultra2 LVD, Ultra160, or Ultra320 SCSI disk drive, you need to install a SCSI card in a PCI Express slot so you can connect a SCSI disk drive externally.
A SCSI card allows you to connect up to 15 SCSI disk drives in a daisy chain, with each disk drive connected to the one before it and the last terminated. (Some SCSI cards support more than one channel; multiple-channel cards support 15 SCSI disks per channel.) Use high-quality, shielded cables to prevent data errors. These cables should be as short as possible (3 feet or less); longer cables can cause problems. You must use an active terminator on the last disk for reliable performance.
Note: Active terminators have an indicator light that goes on when the SCSI chain is powered.
All devices on a SCSI chain run at the speed of the slowest device. To achieve a high level of performance, connect only Ultra2 or faster SCSI disk drives to your SCSI interface card. Otherwise, you may impede performance and get dropped frames during capture or playback.
Note: Many kinds of SCSI devices are slower than Ultra2 devices, including scanners and removable storage media. You should not connect such devices to your high-performance SCSI interface.
Using a RAID or Disk Array
You can improve the transfer speed of individual disks by configuring multiple disk drives in a disk array. In a Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID), multiple SCSI, ATA, or FireWire disk drives are grouped together via hardware or software and treated as a single data storage unit. This allows you to record data to multiple drives in parallel, increasing access time significantly. You can also partition the array into multiple volumes.
Creating a disk array is necessary only if high performance is required to capture and play back your video at the required data rate without dropping frames.
If you require rock-solid data integrity, consider purchasing a RAID. Many RAIDs record the same data on more than one disk, so that if a drive fails, the same data can still be retrieved from another disk. There are many RAID variations available, but one that offers high performance for both digital video capture and data redundancy is RAID level 3. Because they use specialized hardware, RAID level 3 systems can be more expensive, but they should be considered whenever the safety of your media is more important than the cost of your disks.
When you create or purchase a disk array, there are two important considerations:
Compatibility: Make sure the software you use to create the array is compatible with Final Cut Pro. Ventilation: If you’re creating an array yourself with an off-the-shelf drive enclosure, make sure to allow for good ventilation. Disk arrays store information on several disks simultaneously. If one of your disk drives fails, information on all the disks is lost. One of the most common reasons a disk drive breaks down is overheating, so make sure that your disks stay cool.
Important: Check the manufacturer’s specifications before buying disks to make sure the disks offer the level of performance you need.
Fibre Channel Drive Arrays and RAIDs
Fibre Channel is a hard disk drive interface technology designed primarily for high-speed data throughput for high-capacity storage systems, usually set up as a disk array or RAID. Fibre Channel disk drive systems typically have performance rivaling or exceeding that of high-performance SCSI disk arrays.
One of the most common ways of connecting a computer to a Fibre Channel disk drive system for video capture and output is called a point-to-point connection. A single computer, equipped with a Fibre Channel PCI Express card, is connected to a single Fibre Channel disk drive array. Unlike SCSI systems, Fibre Channel cables can be run extremely long distances, up to 30 meters using copper cables and 6 miles (10 kilometers) using optical cables.
For all its advantages, a Fibre Channel disk array requires more setup than other storage options, making it unsuitable for portable use. Fibre Channel disk arrays usually have extremely high capacity (potentially several terabytes of disk storage). Although this can make them more expensive relative to other storage solutions, the cost per megabyte is often considerably lower.
Storage Area Networks
A storage area network (SAN) such as an Apple Xsan system consists of one or more disk arrays that are made available to multiple computer systems simultaneously. Broadcast and post-production facilities can use an Xsan system to share a single set of media files among multiple editing systems.
Xsan software allows an administrator to control SAN access privileges for each editing system. For example, a capturing edit station may have read-and-write access to the SAN, while an assistant editor station may only have read access to media files for a particular project. An administrator may also control permissions to make sure editors capture material only to specific folders.
Keep the following points about FireWire drives in mind:
FireWire disk drives are not recommended for capturing high data rate material such as uncompressed SD or HD video.
Certain DV camcorders cannot be connected to a computer while a FireWire disk drive is connected simultaneously. In many cases, you can improve performance by installing a separate FireWire PCI Express card to connect your FireWire drive.
You may be able to improve performance by reducing the real-time video playback data rate and the number of real-time audio tracks in the General tab of the User Preferences window.
You should never disconnect a FireWire disk drive prior to unmounting it from the desktop.
SCSI Disk Drives
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) disk drives used to be among the fastest drives available, although newer computers may no longer provide SCSI ports. Although no longer highly popular, SCSI technology has been implemented in various ways over the years, with each successive generation achieving better performance. Two fast SCSI standards for video capture and playback are:
Ultra2 LVD (Low Voltage Differential) SCSI: Ultra2 LVD SCSI disk drives offer fast enough performance to capture and output video at high data rates when a single disk is formatted as a single volume (as opposed to formatting several disks together as a disk array).
Ultra320 and Ultra160 SCSI: These are faster than Ultra2 LVD SCSI disks.
SCSI disks can be installed internally or connected externally. Many users prefer external SCSI disk drives because they’re easier to move and they stay cooler. If your computer didn’t come with a preinstalled Ultra2 LVD, Ultra160, or Ultra320 SCSI disk drive, you need to install a SCSI card in a PCI Express slot so you can connect a SCSI disk drive externally.
A SCSI card allows you to connect up to 15 SCSI disk drives in a daisy chain, with each disk drive connected to the one before it and the last terminated. (Some SCSI cards support more than one channel; multiple-channel cards support 15 SCSI disks per channel.) Use high-quality, shielded cables to prevent data errors. These cables should be as short as possible (3 feet or less); longer cables can cause problems. You must use an active terminator on the last disk for reliable performance.
Note: Active terminators have an indicator light that goes on when the SCSI chain is powered.
All devices on a SCSI chain run at the speed of the slowest device. To achieve a high level of performance, connect only Ultra2 or faster SCSI disk drives to your SCSI interface card. Otherwise, you may impede performance and get dropped frames during capture or playback.
Note: Many kinds of SCSI devices are slower than Ultra2 devices, including scanners and removable storage media. You should not connect such devices to your high-performance SCSI interface.
Using a RAID or Disk Array
You can improve the transfer speed of individual disks by configuring multiple disk drives in a disk array. In a Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID), multiple SCSI, ATA, or FireWire disk drives are grouped together via hardware or software and treated as a single data storage unit. This allows you to record data to multiple drives in parallel, increasing access time significantly. You can also partition the array into multiple volumes.
Creating a disk array is necessary only if high performance is required to capture and play back your video at the required data rate without dropping frames.
If you require rock-solid data integrity, consider purchasing a RAID. Many RAIDs record the same data on more than one disk, so that if a drive fails, the same data can still be retrieved from another disk. There are many RAID variations available, but one that offers high performance for both digital video capture and data redundancy is RAID level 3. Because they use specialized hardware, RAID level 3 systems can be more expensive, but they should be considered whenever the safety of your media is more important than the cost of your disks.
When you create or purchase a disk array, there are two important considerations:
Compatibility: Make sure the software you use to create the array is compatible with Final Cut Pro. Ventilation: If you’re creating an array yourself with an off-the-shelf drive enclosure, make sure to allow for good ventilation. Disk arrays store information on several disks simultaneously. If one of your disk drives fails, information on all the disks is lost. One of the most common reasons a disk drive breaks down is overheating, so make sure that your disks stay cool.
Important: Check the manufacturer’s specifications before buying disks to make sure the disks offer the level of performance you need.
Fibre Channel Drive Arrays and RAIDs
Fibre Channel is a hard disk drive interface technology designed primarily for high-speed data throughput for high-capacity storage systems, usually set up as a disk array or RAID. Fibre Channel disk drive systems typically have performance rivaling or exceeding that of high-performance SCSI disk arrays.
One of the most common ways of connecting a computer to a Fibre Channel disk drive system for video capture and output is called a point-to-point connection. A single computer, equipped with a Fibre Channel PCI Express card, is connected to a single Fibre Channel disk drive array. Unlike SCSI systems, Fibre Channel cables can be run extremely long distances, up to 30 meters using copper cables and 6 miles (10 kilometers) using optical cables.
For all its advantages, a Fibre Channel disk array requires more setup than other storage options, making it unsuitable for portable use. Fibre Channel disk arrays usually have extremely high capacity (potentially several terabytes of disk storage). Although this can make them more expensive relative to other storage solutions, the cost per megabyte is often considerably lower.
Storage Area Networks
A storage area network (SAN) such as an Apple Xsan system consists of one or more disk arrays that are made available to multiple computer systems simultaneously. Broadcast and post-production facilities can use an Xsan system to share a single set of media files among multiple editing systems.
Xsan software allows an administrator to control SAN access privileges for each editing system. For example, a capturing edit station may have read-and-write access to the SAN, while an assistant editor station may only have read access to media files for a particular project. An administrator may also control permissions to make sure editors capture material only to specific folders.
Advantages of Xsan include:
Media files are instantly accessible from multiple editing systems.
Storage capacity and bandwidth can be scaled as needed.
Editors can move between editing suites and continue working on the same project without moving media files.
Assistant editors can load, output, or archive media without disturbing an ongoing edit session.
Producers can view dailies or finished sequences for approval without being in an editing suite.
Media files are instantly accessible from multiple editing systems.
Storage capacity and bandwidth can be scaled as needed.
Editors can move between editing suites and continue working on the same project without moving media files.
Assistant editors can load, output, or archive media without disturbing an ongoing edit session.
Producers can view dailies or finished sequences for approval without being in an editing suite.
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